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Interested in finding out more about the scientific research that has been carried out into the characteristics of peanuts? We’ve put together a list of journal references> (with links to abstracts, if available) for you to explore:
Health References
Heart Disease
“A possible protective effect of nut consumption on risk of coronary heart disease. The Adventist Health Study”G.E. Fraser, J. Sabaté, W.L. Beeson and T. M. Strahan
Archives of Internal Medicine , July 1, 1992, Vol 152, No 7, pp1416-1424
“Does nut consumption protect against ischaemic heart disease?”J. Sabaté
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 1993, Vol 47, ppS71-S75
“A probable role for nuts in the prevention of coronary heart disease”J. Sabaté and G.E. Fraser
Primary Cardiology , 1993, Vol 19 (11), pp65-72
“Nuts: A new protective food against coronary heart disease”J. Sabaté and G.E. Fraser
Current Opinion in Lipidology , 1994, Vol 5, pp11-16
“The traditional and emerging role of nuts in healthful diets”M.L. Dreher, C. Maher and P. Kearney
Nutrition Reviews , August 1996, pp54-58
“Frequent nut consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in women: prospective cohort study” (Nurses’ Health Study)F.B. Hu, M.J. Stampfer, J.E. Manson, E.B. Rimm, G.A. Colditz, B.A. Rosner, F.E. Speizer, C.H. Hennekens and W.C. WillettBritish Medical Journal , November 14, 1998, Vol 317, pp1341-1345
“Lack of a recommended dietary allowance for copper may be hazardous to your health”L.M. Klevay
Journal of the American College of Nutrition , 1998, Vol 17, No 4, pp322-326
“Monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease”P.M. Kris-Etherton
Circulation , 1999, Vol 100, pp1253-1258
“Nut consumption, vegetarian diets, ischemic heart disease risk, and all-cause mortality: Evidence from epidemiologic studies”J. Sabaté
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , September 1999, Vol 70, No 3, pp500S-503S
“Nuts and their bioactive constituents: effects on serum lipids and other factors that affect disease risk”P.M. Kris-Etherton, S. Yu-Poth, J. Sabaté, H.E. Ratcliffe, G. Zhao and T.D. Etherton
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , September 1999, Vol 70, No 3, pp504S-511
“Increased dietary micronutrients decrease serum homocysteine concentrations in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease”A Chait, M.R. Malinow, D.N. Nevin, C.D. Morris, R.L. Eastgard, P.M. Kris-Etherton, F.X. Pi-Sunyer, S. Oparil, L.M. Resnick, J.S. Stern, R.B. Haynes, D.C. Hatton, J.A. Metz, S. Clark, M. McMahon, S. Holcomb, M.E. Reusser, G.W. Snyder and D.A. McCarron
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , November 1999, Vol 70, No 5, pp881-887
“Non-detectable levels of trans-fatty acids in peanut butter”T.H. Sanders
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 2001, Vol 49, No 5, pp2349-2351
“The effects of nuts on coronary heart disease risk”P.M. Kris-Etherton, G. Zhao, A.E. Binkoski, S.M. Coval and T.D. Etherton
Nutrition Reviews , April 2001, Vol 59, No 4, pp103-111
“The role of nuts in cardiovascular disease prevention”J. Sabaté, T. Radak and J.E. Brown
In Wildman R, (ed),Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods , CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2001, pp477-495
“Nut consumption & decreased risk of sudden cardiac death in the Physicians’ Health Study”C.M. Albert, J.M. Gaziano, W.C. Willett and J.E. Manson
Archives of Internal Medicine , June 24, 2002, Vol 162, No 12, pp1382-1387
“Peanut consumption improves indices of cardiovascular disease risk in healthy adults”C.M. Alper and R.D. Mattes
Journal of the American College of Nutrition , Vol. 22, No. 2, 133-141 (2003)US Food and Drug Administration’s 2003 ruling re health claim labelling FDA website
“Nuts, cardio and cerebrovascular risks: A Spanish perspective”M. Nus, M. Ruperto and F.J. Sanchez-Muniz
Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion , June 2004, Vol 54, No 2, pp137-148
“Nut consumption and protection against coronary heart disease death in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer And Nutrition (EPIC)”J. Sabaté, M. Jenab, P. Ferrari, T. Norat, N. Slimani, E. Riboli
2006 World Congress Of Cardiology , Abstract number 270
“A Systematic Review of the Effects of Nuts on Blood Lipid Profiles in Humans”J. Mukuddem-Petersen, W. Oosthuizenl, J.C. Jerling
Journal of Nutrition , September 2005, Vol 135, pp2082-2089
“Effect of a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented With Nuts on Metabolic Syndrome Status”J. Salas-Salvadó, J. Fernández-Ballart, E. Ros, M-A Martinez-González, M. Fitó, R. Estruch, D. Corella, M. Fiol, E. Gómez-Gracia, F. Arós, G. Flores, J. Lapetra, R. Lamuela-Raventós, V. Ruiz-Gutiérrez, M. Bulló, J. Basora, M-I Covas
Archives of Internal Medicine , December 2008, Vol 168(22), pp2449-2458
Lower Cholesterol
“Low fat monounsaturated rich diets containing high-oleic peanuts improve serum lipoprotein profiles”D.J. O’Byrne, D.A. Knauft and R.B. Shireman
Lipids , July 1997, Vol 32, pp687-695
“Comparison of the effects of a high-fat diet enriched with peanuts and a low-fat NCEP diet on blood lipid profiles”Colquhoun D.M, B. Hicks, S. Somerset, C. Hamill, D. Richards, D. Saltissi and J. Wethuyzen
Asia Pacific Journal Clinical Nutrition , 2005;14 (Suppl): S116
“High monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol & triacylglycerol concentrations”P.M. Kris-Etherton, T.A. Pearson, Y. Wan, R.L. Hargrove, K. Moriarty, V. Fishell and T.D. Etherton
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , December 1999, Vol 70, No 6, pp1009-1015
“Nut Consumption Lowers Total and LDL-cholesterol but does not change HDL-cholesterol serum levels: Results of a pooled analysis, Ninth European Nutrition Congress, Rome, Italy, October 2003”J.S. Sabaté and V. Fulgoni
Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism , 2003, Vol 47, pp546
“Effects of moderate-fat (from monounsaturated fat) and low fat weight loss diets on serum lipid profile in overweight and obese men and women”C.L. Pelkman, V.K. Fishell, D.H. Maddox, T.A. Pearson, D.T. Mauger and P.M. Kris-Etherton
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 2004, Vol 79, pp204-212
“A systematic review of the effects of nuts on blood lipid profiles in humans”J. Mukuddem-Petersen, W. Oosthuizen and J.C. Jerling
Journal of Nutrition , September 2005, Vol 135, No 9, pp2082-2089
Type II Diabetes
“Nut and peanut butter consumption and risk of Type 2 diabetes in women”R. Jiang, J.E. Manson, M.J. Stampfer, S. Liu, W.C. Willett and F.B. Hu
Journal of the American Medical Association , November 27, 2002, Vol 288, No 20, pp2554-2560
“Oleic acid and peanut oil high in oleic acid reverse the inhibitory effect of insulin production of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha both in vitro and in vivo systems”E.K. Vassiliou, A. Gonzalez, C. Garcia, J.H. Taros, G. Chakraborty, J.H. Toney
Lipids in Health and Disease , 2009, Vol 8:25 Cancer
“Dietary phytosterol inhibits the growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells grown in SCID mice”A.B. Awad
Anticancer Research , 2000, Vol 20, pp821-824
“Phytosterol as anticancer dietary components: Evidence and Mechanism of Action”A.B. Awad
The Journal of Nutrition , 2000, Vol 30, pp2127-2130
“Peanuts as a Source of β-Sitosterol, a Sterol With Anticancer Properties”A.B. Awad, K.C. Chan, A.C. Downie and C.S. Fink
Nutrition and Cancer , 2000, Vol 36, No 2, pp238-241
“Oleic acid, the main monounsaturated fatty acid of olive oil, suppresses Her-2/neu (erbB-2) expression and synergistically enhances the growth inhibitory effects of trastuzumab (Herceptin) in breast cancer cells with Her-2/neu oncogene amplification”J. A. Menendez, L. Vellon R. Colomer and R. Lupu Annals of Oncology , 2005, Vol 16, No 3, pp359-371
Alzheimer’s Disease
“Serum folate and the severity of atrophy of the neocortex in Alzheimer disease: findings from the Nun Study”D. Snowdon, C. Tully, C. Smith
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , April 2000, Vol 71, pp993-997
“Folate: A key to optimizing health and reducing disease risk in the elderly”G.C. Rampersaud, G. Kauwell, and L. Bailey
Journal of the American College of Nutrition , 2003, Vol 22, No 1, pp1-8
“Resveratrol rescues mutant polyglutamine cytotoxicity in nematode and mammalian neurons”J.A. Parker, M. Arango, S.Abderrahmane, E. Lambert, C.Tourette, H. Catoire and C. Néri
Nature Genetics , March 2005, Vol 37, pp349-350
“Resveratrol promotes clearance of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid-² Peptides”P. Marambaud, H. Zhao and P. Davies
Journal of Biological Chemistry , November 2005, Vol 280, No 45, pp37377-37382
Resveratrol
“Occurrence of resveratrol in edible peanuts”T.H. Sanders, R.W. McMichael Jr. and K.W. Hendrix
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , March 2000, Vol 48 (4), pp1243-1246
“Resveratrol and piceid levels in natural and blended peanut butters”M. Ibern-Gómez, S. Roig-Pérez, R.M. Lamuela-Raventós and M.C. de la Torre-Borona
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , November 2000, Vol 48 (12), pp6352-6354
Weight Loss
“Effects of food attributes on hunger and food intake”S.V. Kirkmeyer and R.D. Mattes
International Journal of Obesity , September 2000, Vol 24, No 9, pp1167-1175
“A randomized controlled trial of a moderate-fat, low-energy diet compared with a low fat, low-energy diet for weight loss in overweight adults”K. McManus, L. Antinoro and F. Sacks
International Journal of Obesity , October 2001, Vol 25, No 10, pp1503-1511
“Effects of chronic peanut consumption on energy balance and hedonics”C.M. Alper and R.D. Mattes
International Journal of Obesity , August 2002, Vol 26, No 8, pp1129-1137
“Nut consumption and body weight”J. Sabaté
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 2003, Vol 78, pp647S-650S
“Dietary fats, teas, dairy, and nuts: potential functional foods for weight control”M. St-Onge
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , January 2005, Vol 81, No 1, pp7-15
“Edible nuts and metabolic health”A.M. Coates and P.R.C. Howe
Current Opinion in Lipidology , February 2007, Vol 18, No 1, pp25-30
Gall Bladder Disease
“Frequent nut consumption and decreased risk of cholecystectomy in women”C.J. Tsai, M.F. Leitzmann, F.B. Hu, W.C. Willett and E.L. Giovannucci
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , July 2004, Vol 80, No 1, pp76-81
Eye Disease
“Progression of age-related macular degeneration: Association with dietary fat, transunsaturated fat, nuts, and fish intake”J.M. Seddon, J. Cote and B. Rosner
Archives of Ophthalmology , 2003, Vol 121, pp1728-1737
Improved Diet
“Nuts – Nutrition and health benefits of daily use”C. Rainey and L. Nyquist
Nutrition Today , July 1997, Vol 32 (4), pp157-163
“Improved diet quality with peanut consumption”A.E. Griel, B. Eissenstat, V. Juturu, G. Hsieh and P.M. Kris-Etherton
Journal of the American College of Nutrition , 2004, Vol 23, No 6, pp660-668
Peanuts as food sources of Vitamin E and Magnesium2005 United States Dietary Guidelines
Anti-Oxidants
“Polyphenolic content and sensory properties of normal and high oleic acid peanuts”S.T. Talcott, S. Passerettia, C.E. Duncan and D.W. Gorbet
Food Chemistry , May 2005, Vol 90, Issue 3, pp379-388
“Polyphenolic and antioxidant changes during storage of normal, mid, and high oleic acid peanuts”S.T. Talcott, C.E. Duncan, D. Del Pozo-Insfran and D.W. Gorbet
Food Chemistry , January 2005, Vol 89, Issue 1, pp77-84
Arginine
“Vascular endothelial cells synthesize nitric oxide from L-arginine”R.M.J. Palmer, D.S. Ashton and S. Moncada
Nature , 1988, Vol 333, pp664-666
“Oral L-arginine improves hemodynamic responses to stress and reduces plasma homocysteine in hypercholesterolemic men”S.G. West, A. Likos-Krick, P. Brown and F. Mariotti
Journal of Nutrition , February 2005, Vol 135, pp212-217
“A new treatment for pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease?”C.R. Morris, S.M. Morris Jr., W. Hagar, J. van Warmerdam, S. Claster, D. Kepka-Lenhart, L. Machado, F.A. Kuypers and E.P. Vichinsky
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , 2003, Vol 168, pp63-69
“Arginine as an adjuvant to chemotherapy improves clinical outcome in active tuberculosis”T. Schön, D. Elias, F. Moges, E. Melese, T. Tessema, O. Stendahl, S. Britton and T. Sundqvist
European Respiratory Journal , 2003, Vol 21, pp483-488
Hi Oleic Peanuts
“Sun Oleic / High Oleic Peanuts”D. Gorbet
University of Florida Extension (SS-Agri-91) , Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (268kb PDF)
Longer Shelf Life
“Comparison of oxidative stability of high and normal oleic peanut oils”S.F. O’Keefe, V.A. Wiley and D.A. Knauft
Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society , May 1993, Vol 70, pp489-492
“Flavour and oxidative stability of roasted high oleic acid peanuts”J.C. Braddock, C.A. Sims and S.F. O’Keefe
Journal of Food Science , 1995, Vol 60, No 3, pp489-493
“Effect of roasting oil composition on the stability of roasted high oleic peanuts”G.E. Bolton and T.H. Sanders
Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society , February 2002, Vol 79, pp129-132
Allergy Research Positive Results for TNX-901
“Effect of anti-IgE therapy in patients with peanut allergy”D.Y.M. Leung, H.A. Sampson, J.W. Yunginger, A.W. Burks, Jr., L.C. Schneider, C.H. Wortel, F.M. Davis, J.D. Hyun and W.R. Shanahan, Jr.
New England Journal of Medicine , March 2003, Vol 348, pp986-993
Peanut Allergy Research
“Progress in peanut allergy research: Are we closer to a cure?”D.Y.M. Leung and S.A. Bock
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , July 2003, Vol 112, No 1, pp12-14
“Linking peanut allergenicity to the processes of maturation, curing and roasting”S. Chung, C.L. Butts, S.J. Maleki and E.T. Champagne
The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 2003, Vol 51, No 15, pp4273-4277
“Cross-linking of peanut proteins by polyphenol oxidase and its effects on peanut allergenicity”S. Chung and and E.T. Champagne
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , February 2004, Vol 113, No 2, ppS314-315
“Comparing the effects of boiling, frying and roasting on the allergenicity of peanuts”D.A. Schmitt and S.J. Maleki
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , February 2004, Vol 113, pS115
“Allergenic properties of roasted peanut allergens may be reduced by peroxidase”S. Chung, S. Maleki and E.T. Champagne
The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 2004, Vol 52, No 14, pp4541-4545
“Accidental ingestions in children with peanut allergy”J.W. Yu, R. Kagan, N. Verreault, N. Nicolas, L. Joseph, Y. St Pierre, A. Clarke
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , August 2006, Vol 118, No 2, pp466-472
“Peanut and its relationship with refractory allergic eye disease”A. Moncada et al
American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Conference , November 2006, (Poster 136)
“Food elimination for allergies may lead to failure to thrive”M.B. Preston et al
American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Conference , November 2006, (Poster 144)
“Cloning and characterization of a novel peanut allergen Ara h 3 isoform displaying potentially decreased allergenicity”I.-H. Kang and M. Gallo
Plant Science , February 2007, Vol 172, No 2, pp345-353
“Early consumption of peanuts in infancy is associated with a low prevalence of peanut allergy”G. Du Toit, Y. Katz, P. Sasieni, D. Mesher, S.J. Maleki, H. Fisher, A. Fox, V. Turcanu, T. Amir, G. Zadik-Mnuhin, A. Cohen, I. Livne, G. Lack
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , November 2008, Vol 122, pp978-985
Creating a “Vaccine” to Treat Peanut Allergy
“Persistent protective effect of heat-killed Escherichia coli producing engineered, recombinant peanut proteins in a murine model of peanut allergy”X.M. Li, K. Srivastava, A. Grishin, C.K. Huang, B. Schofield, W. Burks and H.A. Sampson
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , July 2003, Vol 112, No 1, pp159-167
The Use of Activated Charcoal in Treating a Peanut Allergic Reaction
“Activated charcoal forms non-IgE binding complexes with peanut proteins”P. Vadas and B. Perelman
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , July 2003, Vol 112, No 1, pp175-179
Herbal Medicine
“Food Allergy Herbal Formula-1 (FAHF-1) blocks peanut-induced anaphylaxis in a murine model”X.M. Li, T.F. Zhang, C.K. Huang, K. Srivastava, A.A. Teper, L. Zhang, B.H. Schofield, H.A. Sampson
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , October 2001, Vol 108, No 4. pp639-646
“A Chinese herbal medicine formula, FAHF-2, completely blocks anaphylaxis in a murine model of peanut allergy”K.D. Srivastava, J.D. Kattan, H.A. Sampson, X.M. Li
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , February 2004, Vol 113, No 2, Supplement, pS337
“The Chinese herbal medicine formula FAHF-2 completely blocks anaphylactic reactions in a murine model of peanut allergy”K.D. Srivastava, J.D. Kattan, Z.M. Zou, J.H. Li, L. Zhang, S. Wallenstein, J. Goldfarb, H.A. Sampson, X.M. Li
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , January 2005, Vol 115, No 1, pp171-178
“Effect of Chinese Herbal Formulas on T Cell Responses in Patients with Peanut Allergy or Asthma”J. Ko, P.J. Busse, L.P. Shek, S. Noone, H.A. Sampson, X. Li.
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY.
The Mt Sinai Journal of Medicine , May 2006, Vol 73, No 3, p638
Outgrowing Peanut Allergy
“The natural progression of peanut allergy: Resolution and the possibility of recurrence”D.M. Fleischer, M.K. Conover-Walker, L. Christie, A.W. Burks and R.A. Wood
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , July 2003, Vol 112, No 1, pp183-18
“Peanut allergy: Recurrence and its management”D.M. Fleischer, M.K. Conover-Walker, L. Christie, A.W. Burks and R.A. Wood
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , Nov 2004, Vol 114, No 5, pp1195-1201
“The natural history of tree nut allergy”D.M. Fleischer, M.K. Conover-Walker, E.C. Matsui and R.A. Wood
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , Nov 2005, Vol 116, No 5, pp1087-1093
Tracking Food Allergy Data
These references detail the circumstances of food allergy fatalities, eg whether adrenalin was available or used:
“Further fatalities caused by anaphylactic reactions to food, 2001-2006”S. Allan Bock, A. Muñoz-Furlong and H.A. Sampson
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , April 2007, Vol 119, No 4, pp 1016-1018
“Further fatal allergic reactions to food in the United Kingdom, 1999-2006”RSH Pumphrey and MH Gowland
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , April 2007, Vol 119, No 4, pp 1018-1019
Misdiagnosis of Peanut Allergy
“Combining skin prick, immediate skin application and specific-IgE testing in the diagnosis of peanut allergy in children”B.K. Wainstein, A. Yee, D. Jelley, M. Ziegler and J.B. Ziegler
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology , May 2007, Vol 18, No 3, pp231-239.
Other Websites
The Peanut Institute website also maintains a list of research references
Note: PCA has no control over the content of any of the external links on this page. But if you notice that a web link has changed, or no longer functions correctly, please email us.